91´ô¸ç

Peer reviewed/Research article
Published: December 2022

The new cooperativism, the commons, and the post-capitalist imaginary 

Marcelo Vieta and Doug Lionais

Vol 55 No 3, pp. 9-24

How to cite this article: Vieta, M. & Lionais, D. (2022). The new cooperativism, the commons, and the post-capitalist imaginary. Journal of Co-operative Studies. 55(3), 9-24.

Abstract

This article explores the intersection of the commons and co-operatives resonating with the concept and practices of today’s new cooperativism. We argue that the commons, understood as a transformative vision for the social stewardship of vital dimensions of social and economic life, is a key animator of the co-operative difference and that the new cooperativism re-establishes co-operatives within their radical commons heritage. We begin the article with a brief review of the history of co-operatives and their relationship to capitalism and crises. We then explore the issue of the commons as a unifying force of post-capitalistic thought and practice and connect it to the new cooperativism. To illustrate the possibilities inherent to the co-operative form for a more radical, post-capitalist vision, we then turn our attention to an illustrative case of new cooperativism today — Argentina’s worker-recuperated enterprises. This case demonstrates the potential vibrancy of commons-based co-operatives for a post-capitalist alternative, offering tantalising details of the new cooperativism in practice. The final section provides a discussion of new cooperativism’s possibilities for organising the commons and catalysing post-capitalist imaginaries.


PDF

References

Atzeni, M., & Vieta, M. (2014). Between class and the market: Self-management in theory and in the practice of worker-recuperated enterprises in Argentina. In M. Parker, G. Cheney, V. Fournier, & C. Land (Eds.), Routledge companion to alternative organization (pp. 47-63). Routledge.
 
Bechtold, B. (2016). Introduction: Beyond Hardin and Ostrom: New heterodox research on the commons. Review of Radical Political Economics, 48(1), 5-8.
 
Bianchi, M., & Vieta, M. (2019, June 25-26). Italian community co-operatives responding to economic crisis and state withdrawal: A new model for socio-economic development [Conference paper]. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development Conference, Geneva. 
 
Birchall, J., & Hammond Ketilson, L. (2009). Resilience of the cooperative business model in times of crisis. International Labour Organization.
 
Borzaga, C., & Depedri, S. (2014). When social enterprises do it better: Efficiency and efficacy of work integration in Italian social co-operatives. In S. Denny & F. Seddon (Eds.), Social enterprise: Accountability and evaluation around the world (pp. 85-101). Routledge.
 
Brittan, S. (1995). Capitalism with a human face. Edward Elgar Publishing.
 
Casarino, C. (2008). Surplus common: A preface. In C. Casarino & A. Negri (Eds.), In praise of the common: A conversation on philosophy and politics (pp. 1-40). University of Minnesota Press.
 
CECOP-CICOPA Europe. (2011). In spite of hardships, cooperatives in industry and services remain resilient to the crisis and its consequences. Third annual report on the crisis - June 2011. CECOPCICOPA Europe.
 
CECOP-CICOPA Europe. (2020, April 20). COVID-19: How cooperatives in industry and service are responding to the crisis.
 
Chaguaceda A., & Brancaleone, C. (2010). El movimiento de los trabajadores rurales sin tierra (MST) hoy: Desafios de la izquierda social brasileña. Argumentos, 23(62), 263-279.

Chatterji, A., Luo, J., & Seamans, R. C. (2017). Banks vs. credit unions after the financial crisis. Academy of Management Proceedings.
 
Cheney, G., Noyes, M., Do, E., Vieta, M., Azkarraga, J., & Michel, C. (in press). Co-operatives at work. Emerald Group Publishing.
 
Côté, D. (2019). Cooperative management: An effective model adapted to future challenges. Les Éditions JFD inc.
 
Cumbers, A. (2015). Constructing a global commons in, against and beyond the state. Space and Polity, 19(1), 62-75.

De Angelis, M. (2007). The beginning of history: Value struggles and global capital. Pluto Press.
 
De Angelis, M. (2010). The production of commons and the 'explosion' of the middle class. Antipode, 42(4), 954-977.
 
De Angelis, M., & Harvie, D. (2014). The commons. In M. Parker, G. Cheney, V. Fournier, & C. Land (Eds.), The Routledge companion to alternative organization (pp. 280-294). Routledge.
 
de Peuter, G., & Dyer-Witheford, N. (2010). Commons and cooperatives. Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture and Action, 4(1), 30-56.
 
Defourny, J., & Nyssens, M. (2010). Social enterprise in Europe: At the crossroads of market, public policies and third sector. Policy and 91´ô¸ç, 29(3), 231-242.
 
Devillers, P. (Ed.). (2005). Les oeuvres de Charles Gide - Volume IV: Coopération et économie sociale 1886-1904. L'Harmattan.
 
Dodaro, S., & Pluta, L. (2012). The big picture: The Antigonish movement of eastern Nova Scotia. McGill- Queen's University Press.
1
 
Dolenec, D., & Žitko, M. (2016). Exploring commons theory for principles of a socialist governmentality. Review of Radical Political Economics, 48(1), 66-80.
 
Dow, G. K., (2003). Governing the firm: Workers' control in theory and practice. Cambridge University Press.

 
Errasti, A., Bretos, I., & Nunez, A. (2017). The viability of cooperatives: The fall of the Mondragon cooperative Fagor. Review of Radical Political Economics, 49(2), 181-197.

Fournier, V. (2013). Commoning: On the social organisation of the commons. M@n@gement, 16(4), 433-453. 
 
Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and the last man. Free Press.
 
Furubotn, E. G., & Pejovich, S. (1970). Property rights and the behaviour of the firm in a socialist state: The example of Yugoslavia. Journal of Economics, 30(3), 431-454.
 
Gasper, P. (2014). Are worker co-operatives the alternative to capitalism? International Socialist Review, 93.
 
Gibson-Graham, J. K. (2006). A postcapitalist politics. University of Minnesota Press.
 
Giovannini, M., & Vieta, M. (2017). Cooperatives in Latin America. In J. Michie, J.R. Blasi, and C. Borzaga (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of mutual, co‑operative, and co‑owned business (pp. 335-347). Oxford University Press.
 
Gordon Nembhard, J. (2014). Collective courage: A history of African American cooperative economic thought and practice. The Pennsylvania State University Press.

 
Gronlund, L. (1891). The co‑operative commonwealth: An exposition of modern socialism. Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Ltd. (Open Library ).
 
Gudynas, E. (2011). Buen Vivir: Today's tomorrow. Development, 54(4), 441-447.
 
Hansmann, H. (2000). The ownership of enterprise. Harvard University Press.

 
Hardt, M., & Negri. A. (2005). Multitude: War and democracy in the age of empire. Penguin Books.
 
Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2009). Commonwealth. Harvard University Press.

 
Heras, A. I., & Vieta, M. (2020). Self-managed enterprise: Worker-recuperated cooperatives in Argentina and Latin America. In J. K. Gibson-Graham & K. Dombroski (Eds.), The handbook of diverse economies (pp. 48-55). Edward Elgar Publishing.

 
Holyoake, G. (1908). The history of co‑operation: Vol 1. (Revised and completed). T. Fisher Unwin. (Original work published 1875).
 
Hudson, R. (2009). Life on the edge: Navigating the competitive tensions between the 'social' and the 'economic' in the social economy and in its relations to the mainstream. Journal of Economic Geography, 9(4), 493-510.
 
Huybrechts B., & Mertens, S. (2014). The relevance of the cooperative model in the field of renewable energy. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 85(2), 193-212.

Infield, H. F. (1956). The sociological study of co‑operation: An outline (Co-operative College Papers No 3). Co-operative Union.
 
International Co-operative Alliance (2018). Co‑operative identity, values & principles. ICA.
 
International Labour Organisation (2022). ILO resources on crisis responses by cooperatives and the wider social and solidarity economy (SSE). ILO.
 
Jeffrey, A., McFarlane, C., & Vasudevan, A. (2012). Rethinking enclosure: Space, subjectivity and the commons. Antipode, 44(4): 1247-1267.
 
Jensen, A. (2011). Saving companies worth saving: Spain pioneers a sustainable model of democratic corporate governance. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 32(4), 697-720.
 
Jossa, B. (2005). Marx, Marxism and the cooperative movement. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 29(1), 3-18.
 
Jossa, B. (2014). Producer cooperatives as a new mode of production. Routledge.

 
Korsár, J., & Malmström, S. (2016, May 31). Cooperatives, commons and municipal management. New Compass.
 
Kostakis, V., & Bauwens, M. (2014). Network society and future scenarios for a collaborative economy.Palgrave Macmillan.

Lemzeri, Y. (2013). Did the extent of hybridization better enable cooperative banking groups to face the financial crisis? Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 3(1), 57-85. 

Lenin, V. I. (1969). On cooperation. Novosti Press Agency Publishing House. (Original work published 1923). 
 
Lionais, D., & Vieta, M. (2017, May 31-June 2). The new cooperativism and the commons: Lessons from Nova Scotia's Antigonish Movement and Argentina's worker‑recuperated enterprises [Paper presentation]. Association of Nonprofit and Social Economy Research/Canadian Association for Studies in Co-operation Annual Conference. Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.
 
Lotz, J., & Welton, M. R. (1997). Father Jimmy: The life and times of Father Jimmy Tompkins. Cape Breton University Press.

Luxemburg, R. (1986). Social reform or revolution. Militant Publications (Rosa Luxemburg Internet Archive). (Original work published 1900).
 
MacLeod, G. (2002). The corporation as community trustee. In M. Nakumura (Ed.), Alliances, cooperative ventures and the role of government in the knowledge-based economy: Policy issues for Canada and beyond (pp. 43-50). The Centre for Japanese Research, University of British Columbia.
 
MacPherson, I. (1979). Each for all: A history of the co-operative movement in English Canada,1900‑1945. Macmillan/Carlton University Press.

 
MacPherson, I. (2012). Cooperatives' concern for the community: From members towards local communities' interests, (Working paper n. 46-13). Euricse.
 
Malleson, T. (2014). After occupy: Economic democracy for the 21st century. Oxford University Press.
 
Marcuse, P. (2015). Cooperatives on the path to socialism? Monthly Review, 66(9), 31-38. 

 
Marx, K. (1978). The critique of the Gotha program. In R. Tucker (Ed.), The Marx-Engels reader (pp.525‑541). Norton. (Original work published 1875).
 
Marx, K. (1981). Capital, Vol. 3: The process of capitalist production as a whole, (D. Fernbach, Trans.).Pelican. (Original work published Engels (Ed.). 1894).
 
Marx, K. (1992). Capital, Vol. I: A critique of political economy, (B. Fowkes, Trans.). Penguin Books (Original work published 1867).
 
McMurtry, J. J. (2010). Introducing the social economy in theory and practice. In J. J. McMurtry (Ed.), Living economics: Canadian perspectives on the social economy, co-operatives, and community economic development (pp. 1-34). Emond Montgomery Publications.
 
McNally, D. (1993). Against the market: Political economy, market socialism and the Marxist critique.Verso.
 
Miner, K., & Novkovic, S. (2020). Diversity in governance. A cooperative model for deeper, more meaningful impact. The Cooperative Business Journal, Fall, 4-15.
 
Neeson, J. M. (1993). Commoners: Common right, enclosure and social change in England, 1700-1820.Cambridge University Press.
 
Novkovic, S. (2006). Co-operative business: The role of co-operative principles and values. Journal of Co‑operative Studies, 39(1), 5-15.
 
Novkovic, S. (2008). Defining the co-operative difference. Journal of Socio-Economics, 37(6), 2168-2177.
 
Novkovic, S., & T. Webb. (Eds.). (2014). Co-operatives in a post-growth era: Creating co-operativeeconomics. Zed Books Ltd.
 
Olsen, E. K. (2013). The relative survival of worker cooperatives and barriers to their creation. In D. Kruse (Ed.), Advances in the economic analysis of participatory and labour-managed firms, Vol. 14 (pp.83‑107). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
 
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press.
 
Peredo, A. M., & Chrisman, J. J. (2006). Toward a theory of community-based enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 31(2), 309-328.
 
Peredo, A. M., McLean, M., & Tremblay, C. (2019). Indigenous social innovation: What is distinctive? And a research agenda. In G. George, T. Baker, P. Tracey & H. Joshi (Eds.), Handbook of inclusive innovation: The role of organizations, markets and communities in social innovation (pp 107-128). Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
 
Pérotin, V. (2006). Entry, exit, and the business cycle: Are cooperatives different? Journal of Comparative Economics, 34(2), 295-316.
 
Pérotin, V. (2013). Worker cooperatives: Good, sustainable jobs in the community. Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 2(2), 34-47. 
Quarter, J. (2000). Beyond the bottom line: Socially innovative business owners. Greenwood Publishing Group.
 
Quarter, J., Mook, L., & Armstrong, A. (2018). Understanding the social economy: A Canadian perspective (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press.
 
Ranis, P. (2016). Cooperatives confront capitalism: Challenging the neoliberal economy. Zed Books.
 
Ratner, C. (2015). Neoliberal co-optation of leading co-op organizations, and a socialist counter-politics of co-operation. Monthly Review, 66(9), 18-30. 
 
Ridley-Duff, R. (2020) New cooperativism as social innovation: Progress or regress? Journal of Co‑operative Studies, 53(3): 5-24.

Roelants, B., Eum, H., Esim, S., Novkovic, S., & Katajamäki, W. (Eds.) (2020). Cooperatives and the world of work. Routledge.
 
Rothschild, J. (2016). The logic of a co-operative economy and democracy 2.0: Recovering the possibilities for autonomy, creativity, solidarity, and common purpose. The Sociological Quarterly, 57(1), 7-35.
 
Ruggeri, A. (Ed.). (2010). Informe del tercer relevamiento de empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores: Las empresas recuperadas en la Argentina, 2010. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
 
Ruggeri, A. (Ed.). (2016). Las empresas recuperadas por los trabajadores en los comienzos del gobierno de Mauricio Macri: Estado de Situación a Mayo 2016. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras/Universidad de Buenos Aires.
 
Ruggeri, A., Novaes, H. T., & Sardá de Faria, M. (Eds.). (2014). Crisis y autogestión en el siglo XXI: Cooperativas y empresas recuperadas en tiempos de neoliberalismo. Peña Lillo-Ediciones Continente.
 
Ruggeri, A., & Vieta, M. (2015). Argentina's worker-recuperated enterprises, 2010-2013: A synthesis of recent empirical findings. Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 4(1), 75-103. 
 
Sacouman, R. J. (1977). Underdevelopment and the structural origins of Antigonish movement co-operatives in eastern Nova Scotia. Acadiensis, 7(1), 66-85. 

Sanchez Bajo, C., & Roelants, B. (2011). Capital and the debt trap: Learning from cooperatives in the global crisis. Palgrave Macmillan.
 
Scott Cato, M., & North, P. (2016). Rethinking the factors of production for a world of common ownership and sustainability: Europe and Latin America compared. Review of Racial Political Economics, 48(1), 36-52.

Smith, S. C., & Rothbaum, J. (2014). Co-operatives in a global economy: Key issues, recent trends and potential for development. In S. Novkovic and T. Webb (Eds.), Co-operatives in a post-growth era: Creating co-operative economics (pp. 221-241). Zed Books.

 
Sobering, K. (2022). The people's hotel: Working for justice in Argentina. Duke University Press.
 
Spear, R. (2000). The co-operative advantage. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 71(4), 507-523.
 
Svampa, M., & Pereyra, S. (2004). Entre la ruta y el barrio: La experiencia de las organizaciones piqueteras. Editorial Biblos.
 
Tarhan, M. D. (2015). Renewable energy cooperatives: A review of demonstrated impacts and limitations. The Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 4(1), 104-120. 
 
Vanek, J. (1977). The labour-managed economy: Essays. Cornell University Press.
 
Vieta, M. (2010). The new cooperativism (Editorial). Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action, 4(1), 1-11.
 
Vieta, M. (2010). The social innovations of autogestión in Argentina's worker-recuperated enterprises: Cooperatively organizing productive life in hard times. Labor Studies Journal, 35(3), 295-321.

Vieta, M. (2014). Learning in struggle: Argentina's new worker cooperatives as transformative learning organizations. Relations Industrielles/Industrial Relations, 69(1), 186-218. 

Vieta, M. (2014). The stream of self-determination and autogestión: Prefiguring alternative economic realities. Ephemera: Theory and Politics in Organization, 14(4), 781-809. 
 
Vieta, M. (2016). Autogestión: Prefiguring the "new cooperativism" and "the labour commons." In C. DuRand (Ed.), Moving beyond capitalism (pp. 55-63). Routledge.
 
Vieta, M. (2018). New co-operativism in Latin America: Implications for Cuba. In S. Novkovic & H. Veltmeyer (Eds.), Cooperativism and local development in Cuba: An agenda for democratic social change (pp. 51-81). Brill.

 
Vieta, M. (2019). Recuperating and (re)learning the language of autogestión in Argentina's empresas recuperadas worker cooperatives. Journal of Cultural Economy, 12(5), 401-422.
  
Vieta, M. (2020). Saving jobs and businesses in times of crisis: The Italian road to creating worker cooperatives from worker buyouts. In B. Roelants, H. Eum, S. Esim, Novkovic, S., & W. Katajamäki (Eds.), Cooperatives and the world of work (pp.162-187). Routledge.

Vieta, M. (2020). Workers' self-management in Argentina: Contesting neo-liberalism by occupying companies, creating cooperatives, and recuperating autogestión. Haymarket Books. 
 
Vieta, M., Depedri, S., & Carrano, A. (2017). The Italian road to recuperating enterprises and the Legge Marcora framework: Italy's worker buyouts in times of crisis. Research Report No. 015|17. Euricse.
 
Vieta, M., & Duguid, F. (2020, April 19). Canada's co-operatives: Helping communities during and after the coronavirus. The Conversation Canada.
 
Vieta, M., & Heras, A. I. (2022). Organizational solidarity in practice in Bolivia and Argentina: Building coalitions of resistance and creativity. Organization, 29(2), 271-294.

Vieta, M., & Lionais, D. (2015). The cooperative advantage for community development [Editorial]. Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 4(1), 1-10. 

 
White, R. J., & Williams, C. C. (2016). Beyond capitalocentricism: Are non-capitalist work practices 'alternatives'? Area, 48(3), 325-331. 

Wood, E. M. (1999). The origin of capitalism: A longer view. Monthly Review Press.
 
Yi, I. (Ed.). (in press). Encyclopedia of the social and solidarity economy. A collective work of the United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on SSE (UNTFSSE). Edward Elgar Publishing/UNTFSSE. Advance online publication.
 
Zamagni, S., & Zamagni, V. (2010). Cooperative enterprise: Facing the challenge of globalization. Edward Elgar Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849805667

UK 91´ô¸ç for Co-operative Studies is registered in England and Wales as a charitable incorporated organisation Number 1175295. Our registered office is Holyoake House, Hanover Street, Manchester, 91´ô¸ç ©All Rights Reserved
Log in | Powered by